New biotechnologies include techniques such as GENETIC ENGINEERING or ELISA (enzyme-link immunosorbant assay). This test utilizes monoclonal antibodies (highly specific preparation of antibodies that binds to a single site on a protein) for specific protein detection. The technique is primarily used for diagnostic testing. For example, ELISA tests have been developed to detect DON production in fusarium infested barley and black leg detection in canola. ELISA tests are simple to perform, relatively cheap, quick, and can be done by individuals at home or in the field. An example of a very common ELISA based diagnostic kit is the home pregnancy test.
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